what gives

Definition

What is wrong? Why is this happening?

Etymology

First attested in 1940, in John O'Hara's novel Pal Joey. The term is considered by the American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms, Second Edition (2013) and several other references to be a calque of German “was gibt's?” and/or a Yiddish equivalent. Brian Joseph disputes this, and speculates that despite extremely late attestation, it and the German was gibt's may "allow[] for a reconstruction of a Proto-West-Germanic existential use of 'give', which survives marginally into present usage."

Example Sentences

• "Not even thirty minutes after leaving the shower, my head starts itching. What gives?"
• "What gives with you and Martha?"